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The object detection and object orientation estimation benchmark consists of 7481 training images and 7518 test images, comprising a total of 80.256 labeled objects. All images are color and saved as png. For evaluation, we compute precision-recall curves for object detection and orientation-similarity-recall curves for joint object detection and orientation estimation. In the latter case not only the object 2D bounding box has to be located correctly, but also the orientation estimate in bird's eye view is evaluated. To rank the methods we compute average precision and average orientation similiarity. We require that all methods use the same parameter set for all test pairs. Our development kit provides details about the data format as well as MATLAB / C++ utility functions for reading and writing the label files.
Research in the field of brain science has concluded that being overweight/obese causes poor brain health [22], such as reduced gray matter and white matter. The World Health Organization and the National Center for Health Statistics apply BMI as an indicator to define overweight/obesity. Research evidence reveals that children with ASD are at greater risk for obesity [23]. It was illustrated that obesity not only poses a threat to the growth and nutrition of children [24], but also contributes to numerous diseases such as hypertension [25], diabetes [26], and many other dangerous diseases [27]. A study in 2021 found a significant negative association between overweight/obesity and GMV [28]. A 1-year follow-up of adolescents demonstrated that the increase in BMI is associated with a decrease in frontal GMV [29]. The same study explored the relationship between childhood obesity and GMV, indicating that changes in GMV in the pallidum [30,31], thalamus, cerebellum, amygdala [32], cingulate [33], and hippocampus [34] regions are associated with obesity in children. Moreover, a review found that an elevated BMI in adolescents is associated with reduced GMV, mainly in prefrontal and limbic regions [35]. 59ce067264